The Gendered Effects of a Graduated Sanctions Model on Probation Outcomes in Kansas

The use of graduated sanctions has been proposed as a way to improve accountability and reduce the number of revocations for technical violations (Taxman et al., 1999). Graduated sanctions refers to a correctional practice whereby short incremental periods of incarceration are administered for noncompliance with community corrections supervision rules (Hawken et al., 2016). As of recently, a number of states, including Kansas, have implemented these policies (e.g., Browne, 2015; Pearsall, 2014). Although some research touts the success of these programs, which has included improved compliance with probation conditions (Hawken, 2010; Hawken & Kleiman, 2009), others have not found the same benefits (Cullen et al., 2016; Duriez et al., 2014; Shannon et al., 2015).